Contents Introduction 1. Describing technology 1.1 The production function 1.2 Total product, marginal product, and average product 1.3 Isoquants 1.4 Returns to scale 2. The theory of a cost-minimizing firm 2.1 The cost function for a firm with one variable input 2.2 Allocating output between two plants 2.3 The cost function for a firm with two variable inputs 2.4 Comparative statics for cost-minimizing firm using two inputs 2.5 The cost function and returns to scale 2.6 Long run and short run cost functions 3 The supply function of a profit-maximizing price-taking firm 4. Competitive equilibrium in an exchange economy 4.1 Competitive equilibrium in an exchange economy 4.2 Pareto stability 5. Competitive equilibrium in an economy with production 5.1 Short run competitive equilibrium in an economy with production 5.2 Long run competitive equilibrium in an economy with production 5.3 Comparative statics in the short run and the long run 6. Profit-maximizing monopolist 6.1 Profit-maximizing monopolist setting a single price 6.2 Price-discriminating monopolist 6.3 When is a monopoly robust to entry? 6.4 Policies to control a monopoly 7. Oligopoly 7.1 Theories of oligopoly 7.2 Strategic games 7.3 Cournot's duopoly model 7.4 Cournot's oligopoly model and the competitive model 7.5 Collusion among oligopolists 8 Glossary